The Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Website and App

XIV.a

XIV - Pleural involvement

Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs)

Last update 22/06/2024

Lone, isolated, free-flowing pleural effusion on imaging. See other forms of pleural effusions under Vb, d, e, g, h, i, m which may present similarly on imaging. The effusion can be uni- or bilateral. More often a lymphocyte-, mixed or neutrophil-rich exudate. At times the effusion is eosipophil-rich. Pleural effusion can be present with the acute clinical phase of severe drug-induced ILD (e.g. methotrexate lung; PMID 16840219). In general, pleural effusion in the context of drug-induced ILD or pulmonary edema is not tabulated under this heading. ANA-panel indicated to diagnose drug-induced lupus PMID 10424528

Causative drugs

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic