The Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Website and App

XXXVIII.a

XXXVIII - Miscellaneous - Varia

Upper airway obstruction other than angioedema or hematoma

Last update 08/12/2019

Including pneumomediastinum (PMID 31737371. See also under VIIh), infection in or around the central airway (e.g. thyroiditis (PMID: 30333204). May cause or aggravate obstructive sleep apnea (PMID 11990203)

Causative drugs

12

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

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