The Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Autoimmunity-Autoimmune conditions (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs)
Publications
Hydralazine-Induced ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Case Report with Severe Kidney Involvement.
Revista medica de Chile. 2026;154(5):728-735
Overlapping drug-induced vasculitis, ANCA-associated vasculitis, and lupus nephritis caused by low-dose hydralazine.
International journal of rheumatic diseases. 2023;26(11):2272-2277
The Utility of Bronchoscopy in Hydralazine-Induced ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.
Case reports in pulmonology. 2023;2023:1461011
Fulminant Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis After 10 Years of Hydralazine Use.
Cureus. 2021;13(10):e18974
Hydralazine-induced antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis with pulmonary-renal syndrome: a case report.
Journal of medical case reports. 2020;14(1):47
Clinical Characteristics of Hydralazine-induced Lupus.
Cureus. 2019;11(6):e4996
An intriguing case of anemia and renal failure.
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center). 2019;32(1):78-79
Successful use of rituximab for hydralazine-induced anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis.
Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia. 2019;30(1):226-230
Hydralazine-induced autoimmune disease: comparison to idiopathic lupus and ANCA-positive vasculitis.
Modern rheumatology. 2009;19(3):338-47
Rheumatoid arthritis-like syndrome during apresoline therapy: report of a case.
The Medical annals of the District of Columbia. 1953;22(12):651-2