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XXXIV.b

XXXIV - Infections

Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia

Last update 17/06/2026

This broad term includes infectious pneumonia (bacterial (e.g. pneumococcal) and necrotizing) and respiratory tract infections. Risk factors other than drugs include a background of connective tissue disease, mainly RA (PMID 24130229). In epidemiologic studies, there are variations in the definition of the term 'Pneumonia' and URTI. Should be separated from drug-induced and iatrogenic BOOP and consolidation

Causative drugs

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic