The Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Website and App

XXIV.x

XXIV - Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis

Aspiration, aspiration pneumonia (w/wo demonstrable pharyngeal dysmotility)

Last update 11/09/2026

May develop as a consequence of drug-induced ventilatory depression (see under IXd) (PMID 25076409) or pharyngeal dysmotility (PMID 27191923). May cause ARDS. Aspiration of food, pneumonia, lung abscess and empyema may occur as a complication of gastric banding (PMID 22673900). Drugs can erroneously access the tracheobronchial tree and lung causing a lung reaction (PMID 23147337), granulomas or the pill aspiration syndrome (PMID 8181371, 11948075, 23918109). Milk aspiration in children can be evidenced bys specific milk protein staining (PMID 20717909)

Causative drugs

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic