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The Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Website and App

Levamisole-adulterated/tainted cocaine

See PMID 25544694, 26974713, 29099568, 29782427

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

III - Myocardial ischemia - Coronary artery disease

III.a

Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction

XI - Pulmonary vasculopathies

XI.a

Pulmonary arterial hypertension

XII - Pericardial involvement

XII.n

Pleuropericarditis - Pleuropericardial effusion (ANA unknown or negative)

XIV - Pleural involvement

XIV.a

Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs)

XVI - Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma

XVI.e

Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI.i

Hemoptysis

XVIII - Aortic involvement

XVIII.c

Arterial (aorta, limb) vasoconstriction and/or ischemia, acute

XX - Vasculitis

XX.d

Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive

XXVIII - Large airway involvement including UAO

XXVIII.p

Nasal, palatal and/or pharyngeal pathology

XXXI - Eye catchers

XXXI.h

Midline destructive lesions

XXXVI - Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions

XXXVI.s

Dual MPO-/PR3-ANCA systemic disease/vasculitis/pseudovasculitis
XXXVI.t

Pneumorenal syndrome (w/wo ANCAs)
XXXVI.u

Pulmonary vasculitis or capillaritis

XXXVIII - Miscellaneous - Varia

XXXVIII.d

Death following exposure or poisoning
XXXVIII.q

Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis (see also under Xba)
XXXVIII.y

Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis)