The Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Website and App

Paraffin-Vaseline-Oil-Lipids (Mineral or other) p.o./inhaled/aspirated

Specialities: Diagnostic radiology · Gastroenterology · Pathology · Pulmonary medicine · Radiology

When taken orally longterm, particularly in patients with chronic aspiration from oropharyngeal dysphagia, swallowing disorders, achalasia or with prior radiation therapy to the neck, machine or mineral oil, paraffin, shark liver oil or vaseline may cause diffuse or localized opacities or a mass-like lesion of lipoid pneumonia (the latter is named paraffinoma). Involved areas can be low attenuation on HRCT, high signal intensity on T1 and T2 spin-echo on MRI and tracer-avid on PET scan. Series and reviews at PMID 8836660 and 20118714. Specifics of mineral oil/lipid staining and tinctorial histochemistry at PMID 8129503. Whole lung lavage may be considered in severe cases or in those refractory to oil withdrawal (PMID 27287091)

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

XXIV - Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis

XXIV.a

Pneumonitis (interstitial lung disease/ILD)

XXIV.h

Pulmonary fibrosis

XXIV.z

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (subacute, acute)

XXX - Imaging features

XXX.z

Imaging: Intrathoracic lymph node enlargement

XXX.aa

Lipid-laden mediastinal lymphadenopathy

XXX.ab

Imaging: Diffuse haze