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The Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

XVI.e

Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)

Publications

Choi KH, Nam TS, Kim JT, Choi SM, Park MS, Kim BC, Kim MK, Cho KH

Valproate associated diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.

European journal of neurology. 2011;18(8):e98-9

Sleiman C, Raffy O, Roué C, Mal H

Fatal pulmonary hemorrhage during high-dose valproate monotherapy.

Chest. 2000;117(2):613