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The Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for cardiac adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

XXI.c

Pneumomediastinum

Publications

Adhikari R, Manduva D, Malayala SV, Singh R, Jain NK, Deepika K, Koritala T

A Rare Case of Vaping-Induced Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum.

Cureus. 2021;13(8):e17166

Messina MD, Levin TL, Conrad LA, Bidiwala A

Vaping associated lung injury: A potentially life-threatening epidemic in US youth.

Pediatric pulmonology. 2020;55(7):1705-1711

Layden JE, Ghinai I, Pray I, Kimball A, Layer M, Tenforde MW, Navon L, Hoots B, Salvatore PP, Elderbrook M, Haupt T, Kanne J, Patel MT, Saathoff-Huber L, King BA, Schier JG, Mikosz CA, Meiman J

Pulmonary Illness Related to E-Cigarette Use in Illinois and Wisconsin - Final Report.

The New England journal of medicine. 2020;382(10):903-916

Marasco RD, Loizzi D, Ardò NP, Fatone FN, Sollitto F

Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum After Electronic Cigarette Use.

The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2018;105(6):e269-e271